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1.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 93(2): 172-182, Apr.-Jun. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447248

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aim: To analyse the potential usefulness and clinical relevance of the assessment by echocardiography with left atrial strain, based on the myocardial atrial deformation curves with speckle-tracking velocity vector imaging (VVI), in the analysis of short-form recurrent atrial extra systoles in ambulatory patients not suffering from organic cardiopathy. Methods: We designed a descriptive, prospective, and observational study including 270 patients between the ages of 18 and 75 assessed during an outpatient cardiology consultation attended due to palpitations over a period of two years. Using ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring, we selected cases with short forms of repetitive atrial extrasystole, isolated or recurrentatrial fibrillation and a control group formed by those patients without repetitive ectopia. All patients underwent a thorough echocardiographic study during their first cardiological visit. Results: The analysis of the dynamic curves segmental deformation generated after an atrial extrasystole can reveal different points of origin of the extrasystole and detect specific anatomical alterations in the interatrial conduction at the level of the Bachmann's fascicle showing different models of electro anatomical activation possibly involved in the appearance of repetitive forms. Higher values of dyssynchrony between the septal and lateral wall and elongation in the time of interatrial electromechanical conduction could also be related to the existence of repetitive ectopic beats. Conclusions: Our ambulatory study employing the left atrial longitudinal strain, particularly in its segmental analysis, provides new insights into its the usefulness and potential clinical relevance.


Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la utilidad y relevancia clínica de la evaluación mediante ecocardiografía basada en las curvas de deformación auricular miocárdica con imágenes vectoriales de velocidad (VVI) de speckle-tracking, en el análisis de las extrasístoles auriculares recurrentes de corta duración en pacientes ambulatorios sin cardiopatía orgánica. Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y observacional que incluyó a 270 pacientes de entre 18 y 75 años evaluados durante una consulta externa de cardiología a la que acudieron por palpitaciones durante un periodo de dos años. Mediante el uso de monitorización electrocardiográfica ambulatoria, se seleccionaron casos con formas cortas de extrasistolia auricular repetitiva, fibrilación auricular aislada o repetitiva y un grupo control formado por aquellos pacientes sin ectopia repetitiva. Todos los pacientes se sometieron a un estudio ecocardiográfico exhaustivo durante su primera visita cardiológica. Resultados: El análisis de las curvas dinámicas de deformación segmentaria generadas tras un extrasístole auricular diferentes modelos de activación electroanatómica posiblemente implicados en la aparición de formas repetitivas. Valores mayores de disincronía entre la pared septal y lateral y el alargamiento en el tiempo de conducción electromecánica intraauricular pudieran también relacionarse con la existencia de latidos ectópicos repetitivos. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio ambulatorio empleando la deformación longitudinal auricular izquierda, particularmente en su análisis segmentario, proporciona nuevas perspectivas sobre su utilidad y potencial relevancia clínica.

2.
Rev. Headache Med. (Online) ; 14(2): 120-127, 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1531784

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cluster headache and the more recently reported "related conditions",namely Chronic Paroxysmal Hemicrania, Short lasting, unilateral, Neuralgiform Headache with Conjunctival Injection and Tearing (SUNCT) Syndrome and (possibly also) Hemicrania Continua, are one of the fascinating groups of conditions in Neurology whose cardinal features are the almost absolute unilaterality of pain, its excruciating severity, besides the prominent mainly facial autonomic disturbances and overall the intriguing biorhythmicity. Beyond any doubt, the progress of our knowledge about the mechanisms of these conditions has been considerable, but there is always room for reflection on where we are and where we can go. Objective: The objectives of the present study are to analyze the metrics of publications on the pathophysiology of these conditions, to explore in detail how proper the term "Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalgia" is, and to comment on their numerous synonyms. Comment: Much is needed to know the exact structures and circuitry involved in the pathophysiology of these conditions; accordingly, a non-compromising and just descriptive term might be useful. Along this line of reasoning and bearing in mind the cardinal points of such conditions, namely, pain in the trigeminal territory, prominent autonomic symptoms, prominent chronobiological features, and the excruciating character of the pain, a terminological possibility would be: Unilateral with Prominent Rhythmicity and Autonomic Symptoms Excrutiating Cephalgia (UPRASEC).


Introdução: Cefaleia em salvas e as "condições relacionadas" relatadas mais recentemente, nomeadamente Hemicrania Paroxística Crónica, Cefaleia Neuralgiforme unilateral de curta duração com Síndrome de Injecção e Lacrimejamento Conjuntival (SUNCT) e (possivelmente também) Hemicrania Continua, são um dos grupos fascinantes de condições em Neurologia cujas características cardinais são a unilateralidade quase absoluta da dor, sua gravidade excruciante, além dos proeminentes distúrbios autonômicos principalmente faciais e, em geral, da intrigante biorritmicidade. Sem dúvida, o progresso do nosso conhecimento sobre os mecanismos destas condições tem sido considerável, mas há sempre espaço para reflexão sobre onde estamos e para onde podemos ir. Objetivo: Os objetivos do presente estudo são analisar as métricas das publicações sobre a fisiopatologia dessas condições, explorar detalhadamente o quão adequado é o termo "Cefalgia Autonômica Trigeminal" e comentar seus numerosos sinônimos. Comentário: É necessário muito conhecimento das estruturas e circuitos exatos envolvidos na fisiopatologia dessas condições; consequentemente, um termo não comprometedor e apenas descritivo pode ser útil. Nessa linha de raciocínio e tendo em mente os pontos cardeais de tais condições, a saber, dor no território trigêmeo, sintomas autonômicos proeminentes, características cronobiológicas proeminentes e o caráter excruciante da dor, uma possibilidade terminológica seria: Unilateral com Ritmicidade Proeminente e sintomas autonômicos excruciantes da cefalgia (UPRASEC).

3.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 75(1): 15-22, ene.-feb. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-951287

ABSTRACT

Resumen En 20 años se han atendido 640 recién nacidos prematuros (RNP) y recién nacidos a término con alteraciones en la coordinación de la succión-deglución en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales del Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, empleado técnicas de tratamiento para pacientes con inmadurez, patologías de tipo neurológico, gastrointestinal, cardiológico y respiratorio. El presente trabajo describe el tratamiento empleado principalmente en RNP durante este periodo. La coordinación de la succión-deglución-respiración es una de las habilidades más complejas a las que se enfrenta el RNP, debido a que presenta inmadurez anatomofuncional y una incorrecta integración sensoriomotriz para los altos requerimientos energéticos a los que debe someterse. La succión y la deglución son procesos voluntarios e involuntarios que garantizan el paso seguro de alimentos de la boca al estómago, y requieren la coordinación de algunos pares craneales, del tronco y la corteza cerebral, y de los músculos de la boca, la faringe y el esófago. El tratamiento de rehabilitación consiste en el posicionamiento del niño y el cuidador al momento de la alimentación, la regulación de la sensibilidad y el tono muscular perioral e intraoral, la coordinación lingual, el cierre labial, la regulación del flujo de leche, el control de la velocidad de las salvas y la adaptación de tetinas tanto para biberón como para seno materno. El procesamiento de la alimentación con el tratamiento se logró reducir a semana y media, mientras que en los RNP sin tratamiento este proceso llegó a tomar hasta 3 semanas.


Abstract Over the last 20 years, 640 premature newborns with alterations in suction-deglution have been taken care of in the neonatal intensive care unit at the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, using techniques for patients with immaturity, and neurological, gastrointestinal, cardiologic and respiratory pathologies. This descriptive study includes the treatment employed mainly in premature newborns during this period. Suction, swallowing and breathing coordination are some of the most complex abilities that premature newborns face, due to their anatomofunctional immaturity and improper sensoriomotor integration for the high energy requirements they must meet. Sucking and swallowing are voluntary and involuntary processes that guarantee the safe passage of food from mouth to stomach, and require the coordination of the cranial nerves, the brain stem and cerebral cortex and muscles of the mouth, pharynx and esophagus. The rehabilitation treatment consists in the positioning of the newborn and caretaker, adaptation of teat, regulation of muscle tone and progressive intake of milk. The feeding processing was reduced to 1.5 weeks in newborns submitted to treatment, whereas in those who did not receive the treatment, the proccess took up to 3 weeks.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Sucking Behavior/physiology , Deglutition Disorders/rehabilitation , Deglutition/physiology , Infant, Premature , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Mexico
4.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-882565

ABSTRACT

Cefaleia é uma das queixas mais frequentes na prática médica. Dentro deste contexto, as cefaleias primárias representam o maior motivo de busca por auxílio médico. O objetivo desta revisão é abordar o diagnóstico e tratamento abortivo das cefaleias do tipo tensional, enxaqueca e em salvas.


Headache is one of the most frequent complaints in medical practice. Within the context of headache, primary represents the biggest reason for seeking medical attention. The aim of this paper is to discuss the diagnosis and treatment of tension-type headache, migraine and cluster headache.


Subject(s)
Headache Disorders, Primary/diagnosis , Headache Disorders, Primary/drug therapy , Migraine Disorders , Tension-Type Headache
5.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 71(11): 866-870, 1jan. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-691307

ABSTRACT

Several studies suggest a strong familial aggregation for cluster headache (CH), but so far none of them have included subjects with probable cluster headache (PCH) in accordance with the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Objective To identify cases of probable cluster headache and to assess the familial aggregation of cluster headache by including these subjects. Method Thirty-six patients attending a headache consultation and diagnosed with trigeminal autonomic headaches were subjected to a questionnaire-based interview. A telephone interview was also applied to all the relatives who were pointed out as possibly affected as well as to some of the remaining relatives. Results Twenty-four probands fulfilled the criteria for CH or PCH; they had 142 first-degree relatives, of whom five were found to have CH or PCH, including one case of CH sine headache. The risk for first-degree relatives was observed to be increased by 35- to 46-fold. Conclusion Our results suggest a familial aggregation of cluster headache in the Portuguese population. .


Diversos artigos sugerem uma significativa agregação familiar da cefaleia em salvas (CH) embora nenhum tenha incluído indivíduos com provável cefaleia em salvas (PCH), segundo critérios da Classificação Internacional de Cefaleias (ICHD-II). Objetivo Encontrar casos de provável cefaleia em salvas e avaliar a agregação familiar da cefaleia em salvas incluindo também esses indivíduos. Método Foi aplicado um questionário por telefone a 36 doentes que frequentaram uma Consulta de Cefaleias com diagnóstico de cefaleia trigémino-autonómica. Todos os familiares de primeiro grau referidos como possivelmente afetados e alguns dos restantes foram entrevistados por telefone. Resultados Em 24 doentes foi diagnosticada CH ou PCH e estes tinham 142 familiares de primeiro grau, cinco dos quais foram diagnosticados como CH ou PCH, incluindo um caso de CH sem cefaleias. O risco para familiares de primeiro grau foi 35-46 vezes superior ao da população geral. Conclusão Nossos resultados sugerem a existência de uma agregação familiar da cefaleia em salvas na população portuguesa. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cluster Headache/genetics , Family , Age of Onset , Pedigree , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Acta méd. (Porto Alegre) ; 33(1): [5], 21 dez. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-881497

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho tem por objetivo descrever um dos principais motivos de consultas médicas na atenção primária: cefaleia. Como investigar e quando suspeitar de uma doença mais grave. Quais as principais características e como realizar o diagnóstico diferencial entre as cefaleias primárias mais prevalentes.


This study aims to describe one of the most common complaints of medical attention in primary care: headache. How to investigate and when to suspect of a more serious disease. What are the main features and how to perform a differential diagnosis between the most prevalent primary headaches.


Subject(s)
Headache/classification , Headache/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Migraine Disorders , Tension-Type Headache
7.
Rev. dor ; 13(3): 277-281, jul.-set. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-650712

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Metisergida é fármaco de eficácia comprovada na profilaxia tanto da migrânea quanto da cefaleia em salvas, embora possa predispor a fibrose (< 1%). O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar dois casos de cefaleia primária de difícil controle, satisfatoriamente conduzidos com metisergida, que precisou ser interrompida por suspeita de fibrose retroperitoneal (FR). RELATO DOS CASOS: A metisergida foi utilizada, com sucesso, como profilático de migrânea e cefaleia em salvas em paciente de 69 anos, sexo feminino, e de 58 anos, sexo masculino, respectivamente, ambos refratários aos fármacos de primeira e segunda linha. Após 24 meses, no primeiro caso e 30 meses, no segundo, de uso contínuo de metisergida, foram observados sinais e sintomas sugestivos de FR como edema assimétrico de membros inferiores, sem dor, na paciente com migrânea; dor abdominal, disfunção sexual e edema de membros inferiores, no paciente com cefaleia em salvas. Apesar do rastreio inicial negativo para fibrose retroperitoneal feito com ultrassonografia e tomografia computadorizada de abdômen normais, no segundo, como os sinais e sintomas estavam progressivos, optou-se pela suspensão e redução, respectivamente, da metisergida. Houve resolução completa do quadro cerca de uma semana após essa conduta. CONCLUSÃO: A metisergida é boa opção nos casos refratários, mas deve ser utilizada com cautela. Estratégia de descontinuidade do fármaco a cada seis meses, por cerca de 4 a 8 semanas, reduz o risco de ocorrência de FR, assim como observação clínica de sinais e sintomas que sugiram esse efeito colateral.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Methysergide is a drug with proven efficacy to prevent both migraine and cluster headache, although it may predispose to fibrosis (< 1%). This study aimed at reporting two cases of primary and difficult to control headache, satisfactorily treated with methysergide, which had to be withdrawn due to suspicion of retroperitoneal fibrosis (RF). CASE REPORTS: Methysergide was successfully used to prevent migraine and cluster headache in a 69-year old male and in a 58-year old female, respectively, both refractory to first and second line drugs. After 24 months for the first case, and 30 months for the second case, of continuous methysergide, signs and symptoms suggesting RF were observed, such as asymmetric painless lower limbs edema in the migraine patient, and abdominal pain, sexual dysfunction and lower limbs edema in the cluster headache patient. In spite of the early negative screening for retroperitoneal edema made with normal abdominal ultrasound and CT, in the second, since signs and symptoms were progressing, we decided for methysergide withdrawal and decrease, respectively. There has been total resolution of symptoms approximately one week after such approach. CONCLUSION: Methysergide is a good option for refractory cases, but should be used with caution. Withdrawing the drug every six months for approximately 4 to 8 weeks decreases the incidence of RF, in addition to clinical observation of signs and symptoms suggesting this side-effect.


Subject(s)
Headache , Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
8.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 68(4): 627-631, Aug. 2010. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-555247

ABSTRACT

Patent foramen ovale (PFO), a relatively common abnormality in adults, has been associated with migraine. Few studies also linked PFO with cluster headache (CH). To verify whether right-to-left shunt (RLS) is related to headaches other than migraine and CH, we used transcranial Doppler following microbubbles injection to detect shunts in 24 CH, 7 paroxysmal hemicrania (PH), one SUNCT, two hemicrania continua (HC) patients; and 34 matched controls. RLS was significantly more frequent in CH than in controls (54 percent vs. 25 percent, p=0.03), particularly above the age of 50. In the HC+PH+SUNCT group, RLS was found in 6 patients and in 2 controls (p=0.08). Smoking as well as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale correlated significantly with CH, smoking being more frequent in patients with RLS. PFO may be non-specifically related to trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and HC. The headache phenotype in PFO patients probably depends on individual susceptibility to circulating trigger factors.


O forame oval patente (FOP), uma anormalidade cardíaca relativamente comum em adultos, tem sido associado à enxaqueca, mas raramente às cefaléias trigêmino-autonômicas (TACs). Utilizamos o Doppler transcraniano (DTC) para detecção de shunt direito-esquerdo (SDE) em 24 pacientes com cefaléia em salvas (CS), sete com hemicrania paroxística (HP), dois com hemicrania continua (HC) e um com SUNCT; alem de 34 controles. O SDE foi mais frequente nos pacientes com CS do que nos controles (54 por cento vs. 25 por cento p=0,03), particularmente acima de 50 anos. No grupo HP+HC+SUNCT, o SDE foi encontrado em seis pacientes e dois controles (p=0,08). O hábito de fumar, bem como sonolência excessiva diurna foram mais frequentes em paciente com CS. O FOP pode ter importância inespecífica na fisiopatologia das TACs e HC, na dependência da susceptibilidade individual a fatores desencadeantes.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Foramen Ovale, Patent/complications , Headache/etiology , Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias/etiology , Case-Control Studies , Foramen Ovale, Patent/physiopathology , Foramen Ovale, Patent , Headache/physiopathology , Headache , Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias/physiopathology , Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
9.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 24(4,supl.3): 79-92, oct.-dic. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-533345

ABSTRACT

Aunque la migraña y los dolores de cabeza de tipo tensión son las cefalalgias más frecuentes en la práctica clínica, es muy importante el reconocimiento de otros síndromes dolorosos menos comunes como la cefalea en salvas, la hemicránea paroxística crónica y otros síndromes autonomotrigeminales. Estos síndromes dolorosos comparten algunos rasgos clínicos. El diagnóstico diferencial se basa en el número y la frecuencia de los episodios y la intensidad del dolor, así como en la respuesta a medicamentos específicos. La cefalea en salvas, las hemicráneas paroxísticas, la hemicránea continua y otros síndromes se incluyeron en la clasificación internacional de dolor de cabeza modificada por la IHS en el 2004. Esta revisión muestra los aspectos epidemiológicos, fisiopatológicos y clínicos y el tratamiento de estas cefaleas.


Although migraine and tension type headaches are the most frequent disorders in clinical practice, it is very important to recognize other painful syndromes such as cluster, paroxysmal hemicranias and trigeminal autonomic cephalgias wich are less common. These painful syndromes share some clinical features, and the main differential diagnoses are based on the number and the frequency of the episodes, and the intensity of pain, as well as in the response to specific medications. Cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicranias, hemicrania continua and other syndromes were included in the International Classification of Headache modified by the IHS in 2004. This review shows the epidemic aspects, pathophysiopatology, clinical manifestations and treatment of these headaches.


Subject(s)
Humans , Headache , Neurology , SUNCT Syndrome
10.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 24(3): 114-117, jul.-sept. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-533323

ABSTRACT

De acuerdo a las recomendaciones de la IHS (Clasificación internacional de cefaleas) es mandatorio descartar origen sintomático en el estudio de las cefaleas trigémino autonómicas. Aunque este grupo no es frecuente, el no tratamiento puede representar una causa de muerte o convertirse en una razón de dolor de cabeza intratable. Discutimos en este artículo una paciente quien asiste al servicio de urgencias por un tipo de cefalea que inicialmente fue interpretada como cefalea primaria (Cefalea en salvas). Debido a la pobre respuesta al tratamiento instaurado, sumado a la ausencia de criterios diagnósticos de la clasificación internacional de cefaleas (IHS) se realizó un estudio diagnóstico más amplio encontrándose como diagnóstico final sinusitis bacteriana en las imágenes de resonancia magnética.


According to IHS (International Headache Association) recommendations, it is mandatory to rule out symptomatic origin in the work up of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Although this group is uncommon, if untreated, it could represent a life threatening event or become a cause of intractable headache. We discuss a patient who was admitted to the emergency service suffering from a kind of headache that initially was diagnosed as a primary headache (Cluster headache). Taking into account the poor response with medications and the absence of full International headache criteria (IHS) was necessary to practice a broader work up finding a bacterial sinusitis in the magnetic resonance images.


Subject(s)
Humans , Headache , Indomethacin , Sinusitis
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